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Resilience Solutions Catalog

This solutions catalog presents nature-based physical interventions, policy interventions, and case studies relevant to climate hazards in Santa Clara County. 

The Collaborative prioritizes nature-based solutions (NbS) over traditional policy, construction, and "gray" or engineered solutions. Nature-based solutions generally have lower whole-life costs, provide benefits to people, plants, and wildlife, and are adaptable over time when compared to conventional alternatives. 

Nature-based Physical Interventions
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Climate Resilience Policy Interventions
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Economic Lever

Economic levers are a group of financial policy strategies that jurisdictions can use to incentivize resilient design.

Building Codes

Building codes refer to restrictions and resilience requirements that developers and contractors must meet when building new developments or redeveloping a property.

Zoning

Zoning policies guide the siting and type of new developments or redevelopment in an area to avoid or address flood risks.

Ecological Support

Ecologically supportive policies address resilience through a range of regulations, developer requirements, and the use of specific policies such as those that encourage regenerative landscaping and green infrastructure practices.

Nature-Based Solutions Case Studies
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Hale Creek lined with rocks and plants.

Hale Creek Enhancement Pilot Project

Valley Water completed the Hale Creek Enhancement Pilot Project in Santa Clara in 2023. The project restored natural features and riparian habitat functions while improving flood protection along a 650-foot-long reach of Hale Creek. The project entailed widening and deepening the creek and installing a soft-bottom channel planted with vegetation, replacing concrete. This pilot is a local example of how to successfully convert concrete-lined channels reaching the end of their planned useful life to natural creeks with native plants and healthy creek habitat. This natural channel is more resilient to damage from more intense rainfall patterns caused by climate change.

Pond restoration locations map.

SAFER Bay

The SAFER Bay Project is a multi-benefit, multi-jurisdictional, public-private collaboration that aims to protect critical infrastructure, protect and restore critical habitat, provide community resilience to current tidal flooding and projected sea level rise, and improve recreational access, using both engineered structures and nature based solutions for flood protection. Specifically, the project is using nature based solutions to enable the restoration of rare and historic habitats in former salt ponds. Through the Bay Adapt Joint Bay Platform, SAFER is partnering with community based organizations, such as Climate Resilient Communities, to sustain and prioritize outreach with communities most at risk.

Mushrooms sprouting from contaminated soil at railyard.

Mycoremediation Pilot Project at Los Angeles Railyard

Toxicologist Danielle Stevenson is working with a team of UC Riverside students and other volunteers to remediate a railyard along the Los Angeles river. Funded by the City of Los Angeles, the team is using a unique nature based approach called mycoremedation to remove heavy metals and other pollutants. Over 12 months, the project removed almost all petrochemical pollutants at the site, while also restoring native plants and wildlife habitats along the waterfront. This effort will help boost climate resilience along the river and in nearby communities by preventing watershed contamination during extreme precipitation events and reducing urban heat with more green space.

Image of the river adjacent to Downtown Napa and the grey infrastructure retaining wall.

Napa River Flood Protection

The Napa River had a history of catastrophic flooding events, impacting downtown Napa, tourism, and agricultural assets. After a long history of utilizing engineered solutions, a multi-faceted collaboration with stakeholders, the Army Corps of Engineers, businesses, and others worked together to develop an approach to let the river run free - a "Living River" concept that was then and is still groundbreaking. The Napa Flood Protection project is an early and lasting example of using natural systems to manage flooding while protecting important assets in an affordable, durable, and effective way.

Image of small creek area with heavy plantings on either side and a woman looking over the bank.

Smith River Plain Stream Restoration Plan

Restoration project that aims to improve and protect natural channel structure and function, water quality, floodplain connectivity, and biological resources along streams and waterways located in the Smith River Plain.

Ground level image of mudflat areas and marshy bank.

Seal Beach Sediment Augmentation Project

Seal Beach, in Southern California, is a pilot project that consists of the addition of a thin-layer (8-10 inches) of clean dredged sediments to 10 acres of a low elevation salt marsh within the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge in Orange County, CA in order to increase habitat health and address sea level rise.

Image of grassy levee area.

Oro Loma Horizontal Levee Project

Oro Loma Sanitary District in San Lorenzo, CA is removing vertical levees and putting in horizontal levees to better adapt and prepare for rising tides.

Alley way image with linear permeable paving down the middle.

Martha Gardens Green Alleys

The Martha Gardens project in San Jose, CA aims to resurface a residential neighborhood's roads with pervious pavers in order to reduce riverine flooding risks.

Upper Penitencia Creek flooding in Commodore Park.

Upper Penitencia Creek Flood Protection

This project is part of an ongoing partnership between Valley Water and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, to plan, design and construct improvements along 4.2 miles of Upper Penitencia Creek in Santa Clara. The creek is prone to flooding during extreme precipitation events. To enhance flood protection, the project is implementing both nature-based and grey solutions along the creek. The natural creek channel will be preserved and undergo ecological restoration while adjacent open space and parkland will remain as recreational areas, taking the role as a temporary floodplain so that floodwaters do not enter surrounding neighborhoods and commercial areas.

South Bay Sponge wetland rendering.

South Bay Sponge

The South Bay is home to some of the lowest-lying and most vulnerable communities to sea level rise in the San Francisco Bay Area. This area is also growing rapidly without major plans for increasing housing, transit connectivity, or cooperation between jurisdictions. The South Bay Sponge is a new framework for resilience and climate adaptation in the region. The Sponge conceptualizes nature-based solutions and green infrastructure on a large scale. The design includes new landscapes for collecting, filtering, and dispersing flood waters while supporting a variety of habitats. These landscapes include ponds, marshlands, transitional and seasonal wetlands, floodable parks, and green spaces at higher elevations nearby neighborhoods and development. Led by Rebuild by Design, the project is a multi-jurisdictional vision encompassing two counties, one water district, six cities, and at least five federal agencies.

Image of the Calabazas Creek with water flowing.

Calabazas Creek Flood Protection

Project to provide flood protection to 2,483 parcels in the Calabazas Creek watershed. A long detention basin next to the creek was built to capture high storm flows, preventing the creek from overtopping its banks in a 1% flood.

Valley Water repaired 14 severely eroding banks, using as little “hardscape” as possible. The project incorporated environmental stewardship principles to reduce erosion, with vegetation to enhance habitat for wildlife. Valley Water reduced the cost of the project by collaborating with the City of San José, which rebuilt a bicycle motocross (BMX) park at Calabazas Park.

Aerial view of the salt ponds.

South Bay Salt Pond Restoration

This restoration project is the largest tidal restoration project on the west coast. The project is in the midst of restoring over 15,000 acres of industrial salt ponds to natural tidal marshes.

Cover of the Moffett Park Specific Plan Urban Ecology Report

Moffett Park Specific Plan Urban Ecology

The Moffett Park Technical Plan lays out a city wide redevelopment of green infrastructure and Nature-Based Strategies that create habitats and natural corridors in order to reduce climate impacts and positively impact the community.

Aerial image of the bay lands and Bair Island

Bair Island Wetlands Restoration

Bair Island in Redwood, CA is three islands in close proximity to each other that have undergone a massive restoration effort by local organizations to transform thousands of acres of salt ponds back into tidal flats.

Aerial image of San Francisco with tree-lined street in the middle.

San Francisco Urban Forestry Plan

The goals of the SF Urban Forest Plan is to plant 50,000 new trees by 2050, create a city wide street tree maintenance program, and to educate the public on the importance and brilliance of trees.

Sustainable Solano organization logo.

Urban Forest “Vision Solano”

Sustainable Solano's Urban Forest “Vision Solano” project aims to green Solano County with trees and plants that support diverse ecosystems and provide shade, food, and habitat for wildlife. For this project, Sustainable Solano planted 60 trees in 2018 and 2019 throughout Shelter Solano, a local Fairfield homeless shelter, using a grant from the California ReLeaf Social Equity Tree Planting Program. These efforts converted the 3.5-acre area into a resilient, mixed-canopy urban forest complete with California native drought-tolerant trees and fruit trees. Community members participated in the creation of this urban forest while learning about sustainable landscaping practices and urban forestry for local communities.

View of marshland from MLK Jr. Shoreline Park.

Ninth Root MLK Jr. Shoreline Restoration

In Deep East Oakland, the Ninth Root organization is transforming the MLK Jr. Shoreline park into a sanctuary for healing, resilience, and community connection. The project reimagines the Damon Marsh Trail as a community-driven outdoor sanctuary focused on the adaptation, restoration, and protection of the Oakland Shoreline. In partnership with Greenlining the Block, Ninth Root has advanced this vision by building a paid leadership team, shaping the trail design through community engagement, hiring professional shoreline designers and engineers to complete permit ready designs, and implementing nature-based solutions like native plant restoration.

Image of Coyote Valley Creek and surrounding greenery.

Coyote Valley Preservation

In November 2019, 937 acres in Coyote Valley were permanently protected through an innovative public and private partnership among Peninsula Open Space Trust (POST), Santa Clara Valley Open Space Authority (OSA) and the City of San José. The $93.46 million acquisition deal was funded in part by Measure T, a $650 million infrastructure bond approved by San José voters in November 2018

Aerial image of the roof of the California Academy of Sciences with plantings.

California Academy of Sciences Living Roof

The Living Roof in San Francisco offers incredible insulation for the Academy of Sciences while simultaneously offering essential habitat for birds and insects and creating educational spaces.

Image of wetland area looking out towards water.

Bel Marin Key Wetlands Restoration

The Bel Marin Key Restoration Project is designed to enhance and create seasonal wetlands, reestablish healthy ecosystems while protecting endangered species, and mitigate effects from the changing climate.

Image of an overlook to the baylands with cultivated areas to the left and marsh lands on the right.

Sonoma Creek Baylands Strategy

The Sonoma Creek Baylands Strategy was created to mitigate flooding events and reintroduce public access to the restored environment. Further benefits are protecting endangered species such as the salt marsh harvest mouse.

Example sketch of what the bioswale may look like with trees, rain and water catchment areas.

Happy Valley Bioswale

The Happy Valley Bioswale in Ventura, CA is a massive example of what bioswales can achieve. The bioswale, 300 ft long in a horse shoe orientation, treats water runoff from 36 acres of the surrounding urban environment.

Have questions or comments? 

Email the Office of Sustainability and Resilience at sustainability@ceo.sccgov.org  

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